人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指(zhi)用于人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出設(she)備以便安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、檢修和(he)安(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)的開孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)(gou)。主要(yao)(yao)由短(duan)筒節（或短(duan)管）、法(fa)蘭和(he)帶(dai)把(ba)手的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋組成。從安(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)考(kao)慮，壓力容器要(yao)(yao)求開設(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸見“檢查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有碳鋼和(he)不(bu)銹鋼。按受(shou)壓情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為常(chang)壓和(he)受(shou)壓人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為圓形(xing)、橢(tuo)圓形(xing)和(he)矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩形(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適用于常(chang)壓設(she)備；按安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)垂(chui)直安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋固定(ding)方(fang)式有迥(jiong)轉蓋和(he)吊蓋；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開后(hou)速(su)度(du)有普通式和(he)快(kuai)開式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結構(gou)(gou)和(he)尺寸一般都已標準化，可(ke)參照有關手冊選用或設(she)計。